Isesengura ryisoko ryibikoresho bya lithium inganda

Uwitekabatiriikoreshwa mubikoresho byamashanyarazi ni alithiumbateri.Batteri kubikoresho byamashanyarazi bikoreshwa cyane cyanebateri zo hejuru.Ukurikije ibyasabwe, ubushobozi bwa bateri bukubiyemo 1Ah-4Ah, muri yo 1Ah-3Ah18650, na 4Ah ni cyane21700.Imbaraga zisabwa ziri hagati ya 10A kugeza 30A, kandi gukomeza gusohora inshuro 600.

Nk’uko ikigo gishinzwe ubushakashatsi mu nganda kibitangaza, ngo isoko ryagereranijwe muri 2020 ni miliyari 15, naho isoko ry’imbere ni miliyari 22.Igiciro nyamukuru cyumuntu umwebaterikubikoresho byamashanyarazi ni 11-16.Dufashe ko impuzandengo yikigereranyo cya Yuan 13 kuri bateri, byagereranijwe ko igurishwa muri 2020 rizaba hafi miliyari 1.16, naho isoko ryisoko muri 2020 rizaba hafi miliyari 15, kandi biteganijwe ko umuvuduko w’ubwiyongere uzaba 10% .Umwanya w'isoko muri 2024 ni hafi miliyari 22.

Igipimo cyo kwinjira mubikoresho byamashanyarazi bitagira umurongo kuri ubu birenga 50%.Batiri ya Litiyumuibiciro bingana na 20% -30%.Ukurikije iyi mibare ikaze, muri 2024, isi yosebatiriisoko rizagera byibuze miliyari 29.53-miliyari 44.3.

Gukomatanya uburyo bubiri bwo kugereranya, ingano yisoko yabateri ya lithium kubikoresho byamashanyarazini hafi miliyari 20 gushika kuri 30.Birashobora kugaragara ko ugereranije na bateri ya lithium yamashanyarazi kubinyabiziga byamashanyarazi, umwanya w isoko ryabaterikubikoresho byamashanyarazi ni bito.

Muri 2019, umusaruro wisi yoseibikoresho bya batiri ya lithiumyarenze miliyoni 240.Ubwa mbereibikoresho byamashanyarazibyoherezwa hafi miliyari 1,1 buri mwaka.

Ubushobozi bwa aselile imweintera kuva 5-9wh, inyinshi murizo 7.2wh.Birashobora kugereranywa ko ubushobozi bwashizweho bwaibikoresho byamashanyarazini nka 8-9Gwh.Ikigo gishinzwe ubushakashatsi mu nganda giteganya ko ubushobozi bwashyizweho muri 2020 buzaba hafi 10Gwh.

Inzira yo hejuru ni ibikoresho bya electrode nziza, ibikoresho bya electrode mbi, electrolytite, itandukanya, nibindi. Ababitanga barimo Tianli Lithium Energy, Beterui, nibindi.

Kuva mu ntangiriro za Mutarama 2021, kubera izamuka ry’ibiciro fatizo, byinshibatiriinganda nka Tianpeng na Penghui zatangiye kuzamura ibiciro byazo.Birashobora kugaragara kobatiriibigo bifite ubushobozi bwo kohereza ibiciro.
Hasi aha ni ibikoresho byingufu zamashanyarazi, nka: Inganda zikoranabuhanga mu guhanga udushya, Hitachi, Ubuyapani Panasonic, METABO, Hilti, Ruiqi, Yexing Technology, Nanjing Deshuo, Bosch, Makita, Schneider, Stanley Black & Decker, nibindi. ugereranije.Echelon yambere ni TTI Innovation and Technology Industry, Stanley Black & Decker, na Bosch.Muri 2018, isoko ryamasosiyete atatu ni 18-19%, naho CR3 ni 55%.Ibikoresho byingufu zishobora kugabanywa mubyiciro byumwuga nu byiciro byabaguzi.Mu byifuzo bikenerwa n’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi, inyubako zubucuruzi zingana na 15.94%, inyubako zinganda zingana na 13,98%, imitako nubwubatsi bingana na 9.02%, inyubako zo guturamo zingana na 15.94%.8.13%, ubwubatsi bwubukanishi bwagize 3.01%, ubwoko butanu bwibisabwa bugera kuri 50.08%, naho ibyubatswe byubatswe byubatswe hejuru ya kimwe cya kabiri.Birashobora kugaragara ko ubwubatsi aribwo buryo bwingenzi bwo gukoresha umurongo hamwe nisoko ryibisabwa ku isoko ryibikoresho byamashanyarazi.

Byongeye kandi, Amerika ya ruguru n’akarere gakenewe cyane ku bikoresho by’amashanyarazi, bingana na 34% by’igurishwa ry’ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi ku isi, isoko ry’iburayi kuri 30%, naho Uburayi na Amerika hamwe na 64%.Nibintu bibiri byingenzi byingirakamaro kumasoko kwisi.Amasoko y’i Burayi n’Abanyamerika afite isoko ryinshi ry’ibikoresho by’ingufu ku isi kubera aho batuye cyane kuri buri muntu ndetse n’amafaranga yinjira ku isi ku muntu.Ahantu hanini ho gutura kuri buri muntu yatanze umwanya munini wo gukoresha ibikoresho byamashanyarazi, kandi byanashishikarije gukenera ibikoresho byamashanyarazi kumasoko yuburayi na Amerika.Urwego rwo hejuru rwumuturage winjiza bivuze ko abakoresha Uburayi n’abanyamerika bafite imbaraga zo kugura, kandi barashobora kuzigura.Nubushake nubushobozi bwo kugura, amasoko yuburayi na Amerika yabaye isoko rinini ryibikoresho byamashanyarazi kwisi.

Inyungu rusange yibikoresho byamashanyarazi ya lithium yamashanyarazi arenga 20%, naho inyungu yinyungu ni 10%.Bafite ibiranga ibintu bisanzwe byo gukora imitungo iremereye n'umutungo utimukanwa.Ugereranije na interineti, inzoga, ibyo ukoresha nizindi nganda, gushaka amafaranga biragoye.

Ahantu nyaburanga

Abatanga isoko nyamukuruibikoresho byamashanyarazini amasosiyete y'Abayapani na Koreya.Muri 2018, Samsung SDI, LG Chem, na Murata hamwe hamwe bagera kuri 75% byisoko.Muri byo, Samsung SDI nuyoboye byimazeyo, bingana na 45% byimigabane yisi yose.

Muri byo, Samsung SDI yinjiza muri bateri nto ya lithium ni hafi miliyari 6.

Ukurikije amakuru yatanzwe n'Ikigo Cy’ubushakashatsi Cy’inganda cyaBateri ya Litiyumu(GGII), ibikoresho byo murugobatiriibyoherejwe muri 2019 byari 5.4GWh, byiyongereyeho 54.8% umwaka ushize.Muri byo, Tianpeng Power (ishami rya Blue Lithium Core (SZ: 002245)), Yiwei Lithium Energy, na Haisida bari mu myanya itatu ya mbere.

Andi masosiyete yo mu gihugu arimo: Ingufu za Penghui, Ingufu za Changhong, Del Neng, Hooneng Co., Ltd., Ousai Energy, Batiri ya Tianhong,

Shandong Weida (002026), Intelligent ya Hanchuan, Kane, Iburasirazuba bwa kure, Guoxuan Hi-Tech, Bateri ya Lishen, nibindi.

Ibintu by'ingenzi byo guhatana

Nkuko kwibumbira hamwe kwinganda zikoresha ingufu zikomeje kwiyongera, ni ngombwa cyane kuriingufu za batiri ya litiroibigo byinjira murwego rwo gutanga isoko kubakiriya ba mbere bakomeye.Ibisabwa kubakiriya bakomeye kuribaterini: kwizerwa cyane, igiciro gito, nubushobozi buhagije bwo gukora.

Muburyo bwa tekinike, Ubururu bwa Litiyumu, Ingufu za Yiwei, Haistar, Ingufu za Penghui, na Changhong Ingufu zose zishobora kuzuza ibisabwa nabakiriya bakomeye, urufunguzo rero ni runini.Gusa ibigo binini birashobora kwemeza ubushobozi bwumusaruro wabakiriya bakomeye, gukomeza kugabanya ibiciro, kubona inyungu nyinshi, hanyuma ugashora mubushakashatsi buhanitse no kwiteza imbere kugirango uhore uhuza ibyifuzo bishya byabakiriya bakomeye.

Ingano ya Yiwei itanga ingufu zingana na 900.000 kumunsi, Azure Lithium Core ni 800.000, naho Changhong Energy ni 400.000.Imirongo y'ibicuruzwa itumizwa mu Buyapani no muri Koreya y'Epfo, cyane cyane Koreya y'Epfo.

Urwego rwikora rwumurongo rugomba kuba rwinshi, kugirango ubudahwema bwibicuruzwa biri hejuru, kugirango winjire murwego rwo gutanga abakiriya bakomeye.

Umubano wo gutanga umaze kwemezwa, impinduka ntizizakorwa byoroshye mugihe gito, kandibatiriibigo byinjira murwego rwo gutanga bizakomeza kugabana isoko rihamye mugihe runaka.Fata TTI nk'urugero, guhitamo abatanga isoko bigomba kunyura mubugenzuzi 230, bumaze hafi imyaka 2.Abatanga isoko bose bakeneye kugenzurwa n’ibidukikije n’imibereho kandi bakareba ko nta makosa akomeye aboneka.

Kubwibyo, murugoingufu za batiri ya litiroamasosiyete arimo kwagura cyane ubushobozi bwumusaruro nubunini, yinjira murwego rwo gutanga abakiriya bakomeye nka Black & Decker na TTI.

Abashoferi bakora

Gusimbuza ibikoresho byamashanyarazi birasa cyane, kandi harakenewe gusimburwa mububiko.

Ubwiyongere bwubuzima bwa bateri bwibikoresho bimwe byamashanyarazi byongereye umubare wabateri, buhoro buhoro gutera imbere kuva kumurongo 3 kugeza kumurongo 6-10.

Igipimo cyo kwinjira mubikoresho bitagira amashanyarazi bikomeje kwiyongera.

Ugereranije nibikoresho bitagira amashanyarazi, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi bidafite ibyiza bigaragara: 1) Biroroshye kandi byoroshye.Kubera ko ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi bidafite umugozi bidafite insinga kandi nta mpamvu yo kwishingikiriza kumashanyarazi yingirakamaro, ibikoresho bitagira umugozi bitanga ibintu byoroshye kandi byoroshye;2) Umutekano, mugihe ukora kumishinga myinshi cyangwa mumwanya muto, ibikoresho bidafite umugozi byemerera abakoresha kugenda mubuntu badakandagiye cyangwa insinga zifunze.Cyane cyane kubigo cyangwa abashoramari bakeneye kuzenguruka ahubatswe kenshi, ibibazo byumutekano nibyingenzi;3) Biroroshye kubika, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi bidafite umugozi mubisanzwe biroroshye kubika kuruta ibikoresho byitsindagiye, imyitozo idafite umugozi, ibiti, hamwe nibishobora gushirwa mubikurura no mumasuka, mubisanzwe hariho ibikoresho bitandukanye byo kubika ibikoresho hamwe na bateri zometseho;4) Urusaku ni ruto, umwanda ni muke, kandi igihe cyo gukora ni kirekire.

Muri 2018, igipimo cyinjira mu bikoresho bitagira amashanyarazi cyari 38%, naho igipimo cyari miliyari 17.1 USD;muri 2019, yari 40%, naho igipimo cyari miliyari 18.4 US $.Hamwe niterambere rya batiri na tekinoroji ya moteri no kugabanuka kwibiciro, igipimo kizaza cyinjira mugihe kizaza kizakomeza kuzamuka byihuse, bizamura ibyifuzo byabasimbuye, kandi igiciro cyo hejuru cyibikoresho byamashanyarazi bidafite umugozi bizafasha kwagura isoko.

Ugereranije nibikoresho rusange byamashanyarazi, umuvuduko winjira wibikoresho binini byamashanyarazi biracyari hasi.Muri 2019, igipimo cy’amashanyarazi manini y’ibikoresho binini by’amashanyarazi cyari 13% gusa, naho isoko ryari miliyari 4.366 z'amadolari ya Amerika.Ibikoresho binini by'amashanyarazi muri rusange ni binini kandi bifite imbaraga nyinshi, kandi mubisanzwe bifite intego yihariye, nka gaze ikoreshwa na gazi isukuye cyane, imashini ihinduranya, ikiyaga cya deicers, nibindi. ibikoresho by'amashanyarazi manini: 1) Ibisabwa byinshi kugirango ingufu za batiri zisohokane nubucucike bwingufu, sisitemu ya bateri igoye hamwe nubwishingizi bukomeye bwumutekano, bivamo ibibazo bya tekiniki nibibazo bya tekiniki kubikoresho bidafite amashanyarazi manini adafite igiciro Igiciro kiri hejuru;2) Kugeza ubu, inganda zikomeye ntizigeze zifata ibikoresho binini byamashanyarazi bitagira umugozi nkibikorwa byubushakashatsi niterambere.Ariko, hamwe niterambere ryinshi ryimodoka nshya zingufu mumyaka yashize, tekinoloji ya bateri nini nini yateye imbere cyane, kandi haracyari ibyumba byinshi byumuvuduko winjira mubikoresho binini byamashanyarazi mugihe kizaza.

Gusimbuza imbere mu gihugu: Abakora murugo bafite ibyiza byingenzi.Mugihe cyinyuma nta tandukaniro rikomeye ryikoranabuhanga, gusimbuza urugo byahindutse inzira.

Mu myaka yashize, ingufu za Yiwei Lithium Energy na Tianpeng zinjiye murwego rwo gutanga ibicuruzwa bitanga umurongo wa mbere nka TTI na Ba & Decker.Impamvu nyamukuru ni 1) Kurwego rwa tekiniki, abakora imitwe yimbere mu gihugu ntibari kure yUbuyapani hamwe n’amasosiyete akomeye ya Koreya yepfo, kandi ibikoresho byamashanyarazi bifite ibintu byihariye byo gukoresha., Kuganisha kubikenewe kwishyurwa byihuse no kurekura byihuse, sobateri zo hejurubasabwa.Mubihe byashize, ibigo byabayapani nabanyakoreya bifite ibyiza bimwe byo kwegeranyabateri zo hejuru.Ariko, nkuko ibigo byimbere mu gihugu byacitse intege muri 20A isohoka muri iki gihe, urwego rwa tekiniki rwujujwe.Kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo byibanze byibikoresho byamashanyarazi, ibikoresho byingufu byinjiye murwego rwo guhatanira ibiciro.

2) Igiciro cyo murugo kiri hasi cyane ugereranije n’abakora mu mahanga.Inyungu yibiciro izafasha inganda zo murugo gukomeza gufata umugabane wUbuyapani na Koreya yepfo.Uhereye ku giciro, igiciro cyibicuruzwa bya Tianpeng ni 8-13 yuan / igice, mugihe igiciro cyibicuruzwa bya Samsung SDI ari 11. -18 Yuan / igice, bihuye no kugereranya ibicuruzwa byubwoko bumwe, igiciro cya Tianpeng ni 20% munsi ya Samsung SDI.

Usibye TTI, Umukara & Decker, Bosch, nibindi byihutisha kumenyekanisha kugenzura no kumenyekanishabaterimu Bushinwa.Ukurikije iterambere ryihuta ryinganda zo murugo murwego rwaingirabuzimafatizo zo mu rwego rwo hejuru, hamwe ninyungu zuzuye zimikorere, igipimo, nigiciro, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi guhitamo urwego rwogutanga isoko byahindutse mubushinwa.

Muri 2020, kubera ingaruka zubwoko bushya bwa coronavirus pneumonia, Ubuyapani na Koreya yepfo ubushobozi bwo gukora bateri ntibuhagije, bikavamo ikibazo cyo kuburasilindrike ya li-ion ya batirigutanga isoko, no gusubira murugo imbere mubisanzwe bisanzwe, ubushobozi bwo kubyaza umusaruro bushobora kuziba icyuho gikwiye, kandi byihutisha inzira yo gusimbuza imbere.

Byongeye kandi, iterambere ryinganda zikoresha ingufu zifitanye isano ryiza namakuru yimiturire yo muri Amerika ya ruguru.Kuva mu ntangiriro za 2019, isoko ry’imitungo itimukanwa yo muri Amerika ya Ruguru ryakomeje gushyuha, kandi biteganijwe ko muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru hakenerwa ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi bizakomeza kuba byinshi muri 2021-2022.Byongeye kandi, nyuma yimihindagurikire yigihembwe mu Kuboza 2020, umubare w’ibicuruzwa-bigurishwa by’abacuruzi bo muri Amerika ya Ruguru ni 1.28 gusa, bikaba biri munsi y’ibarura ry’amateka ya 1.3-1.5, bizatanga icyifuzo cyo kuzuzwa.

Isoko ry’imitungo itimukanwa muri Amerika riri mu bihe byinshi, bizatuma hakenerwa ibikoresho by’amashanyarazi ku isoko ry’amajyaruguru ya Amerika.Igipimo cy’inyungu z’amazu muri Amerika kiri ku rwego rwo hasi mu mateka, kandi kuzamuka kw’imitungo itimukanwa yo muri Amerika bizakomeza.Fata urugero rwinguzanyo yimyaka 30 yinguzanyo.Muri 2020, kubera ingaruka z'icyorezo gishya cy'ikamba, Banki nkuru y’igihugu yashyize mu bikorwa politiki y’ifaranga ridahwitse.Agaciro kari hasi yimyaka 30 yinguzanyo yagenwe yinguzanyo yatanzweho 2,65%, hasi cyane.Bigereranijwe ko umubare w’amazu mashya yubatswe muri Amerika ashobora kurenga miliyoni 2.5, akaba ari menshi cyane.

Iherezo ryibisabwa hamwe nububiko bujyanye nibintu bitimukanwa byumvikana hejuru, bizatera imbaraga cyane kubikoresho byamashanyarazi, kandi ibigo byamashanyarazi bizungukira byinshi muriki cyiciro.Iterambere ryibikoresho byingufu zamashanyarazi nabyo bizashishikarizwa cyane amashanyarazi ya batiri ya lithium.

Muri make ,.ingufu za batiri ya litirobiteganijwe ko bizaba mubihe byiza mumyaka itatu iri imbere, kandi abambere murugo bazungukirwa no gusimburwa murugo: Yiwei Lithium Energy, Azure Lithium Core, Haistar, Changhong Energy, nibindi. Yiwei Lithium Energy hamwe nubucuruzi bwa batiri ya lithium nkaamashanyarazikandi ufite ibyiringiro byiza.Isosiyete ifite tekinoroji ninyungu zingana, imbaraga zikomeye zo kureba imbere, hamwe nibyiza byo guhatanira.Nubwo igice cya batiri ya lithium gikura ku kigero cyo hejuru, hariho LED n'amabuye.Ubucuruzi bwa Logistique, ubucuruzi buragoye;Haistar ntarashyirwa ku rutonde;Ingufu za Changhong ni ntoya mubice byatoranijwe byubuyobozi bushya bwa gatatu, ariko byakuze vuba;usibye ubucuruzi bwa batiri ya lithium, abarenga kimwe cya kabiri ni bateri yumye ya alkaline, kandi no gukura ni byiza., Ibishoboka byo kwimura IPO mugihe kizaza ni byinshi cyane.