Mu gihe cyo kugenda, Uburayi bwatangije impinduramatwara mu nganda kandi butegeka isi.Mubihe bishya, impinduramatwara yo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi irashobora guturuka mubushinwa.

Ati: “Amabwiriza y’amasosiyete akomeye y’imodoka mu isoko ry’ingufu z’i Burayi yashyizwe ku murongo kugeza mu mpera z’umwaka.Iyi ni inyanja y'ubururu ku masosiyete yo mu gihugu. ”nk'uko byatangajwe na Fu Qiang, washinze akaba na perezida wa AIWAYS.

Ku ya 23 Nzeri, icyiciro cya kabiri cy’ibihugu 200 by’iburayi U5 byoherejwe mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi na AIWAYS byatangiye ku mugaragaro inteko maze byoherezwa mu Burayi, bitangira koherezwa ku isoko ry’iburayi.AIWAYS U5 yatangijwe ku mugaragaro i Stuttgart muri Werurwe uyu mwaka, kandi abari mu nganda basobanuye ko ari icyemezo cya AIWAYs cyo kwinjira ku masoko yo hanze.Byongeye kandi, icyiciro cya mbere cya 500 U5s yihariye yu Burayi yoherejwe i Corsica, mu Bufaransa muri Gicurasi uyu mwaka muri serivisi zo gukodesha ingendo zaho.

Aichi U5 Ibirori byo kohereza mubumwe bwibihugu byi Burayi / Amashusho Inkomoko Aichi Auto

Nyuma y'umunsi umwe gusa, Xiaopeng Motors yatangaje kandi ko icyiciro cya mbere cyibicuruzwa byabonetse ku isoko ry’iburayi byoherejwe ku mugaragaro byoherezwa mu mahanga.Hafi ya 100 Xiaopeng G3i niyo yambere igurishwa muri Noruveje.Nk’uko amakuru abitangaza, imodoka nshya zose ziri muri iki cyiciro zashyizwe ku rutonde kandi biteganijwe ko zizahagarara ku mugaragaro kandi zigatangwa mu Gushyingo.

Moteri ya Xiaopeng yohereza ibicuruzwa muburayi / Ifoto y'inguzanyo Xiaopeng

Muri Kanama uyu mwaka, Weilai yatangaje kandi ko izinjira ku isoko ry’Uburayi mu gice cya kabiri cya 2021. Li Bin washinze Weilai akaba n’umuyobozi wa Weilai, yagize ati: "Turizera ko tuzinjira mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe byakira imodoka z’amashanyarazi muri igice cya kabiri cy'umwaka utaha. ”Muri uyu mwaka wa Chengdu Auto Show, Li Bin yasobanuye neza ko mu cyerekezo cy’amahanga ari “Uburayi na Amerika.”

Ingabo nshya zo gukora imodoka zose zerekeje ibitekerezo ku isoko ry’iburayi, none se ibihugu by’i Burayi koko Li Bin yavuze ati: "ibihugu byakira ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi cyane"?

Hindura inzira

Uburayi bwabaye isoko yingenzi ku binyabiziga bishya byingufu.

Dukurikije amakuru yashyizwe ahagaragara na ev-volume, mu gice cya mbere cy'uyu mwaka, nubwo icyorezo cy’icyorezo ku isoko ry’imodoka ku isi, igurishwa ry’imodoka nshya z’ingufu mu Burayi ryageze kuri 414.000, umwaka ushize wiyongera kuri 57 %, kandi muri rusange isoko ryimodoka zi Burayi ryagabanutseho 37% umwaka ushize;mugihe Ubushinwa bwagurishije imodoka nshya zingufu zingana na 385.000, zikamanuka 42% umwaka ushize, naho isoko ryimodoka mubushinwa muri rusange ryaragabanutseho 20%.

Umushushanya / Yiou Ushinzwe gusesengura Jia Guochen

Uburayi bushobora guhangana n’iki cyerekezo, bitewe na politiki nshya yo gushimangira ibinyabiziga bifite ingufu nyinshi.Dukurikije imibare yaturutse mu kigo cy’ubushakashatsi cya Guosheng, guhera muri Gashyantare 2020, 24 mu bihugu 28 bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi byashyizeho politiki yo gushimangira imodoka nshya.Muri byo, ibihugu 12 byafashe ingamba ebyiri zo gushimangira inkunga no gutanga imisoro, mu gihe ibindi bihugu byatanze imisoro.Ibihugu bikomeye bitera inkunga 5000-6000 yama Euro, akomeye kurusha Ubushinwa.

Byongeye kandi, guhera muri Kamena na Nyakanga uyu mwaka, ibihugu bitandatu by’Uburayi byashyizeho uburyo bwo kongera icyatsi kibisi hagamijwe guteza imbere igurishwa ry’imodoka nshya.Umuyobozi mukuru w'itsinda rya Peugeot Citroen (PSA) Carlos Tavares yigeze kwinubira mu nama yahamagaye ati: "Iyo isoko rikuyeho inkunga, icyifuzo cy'imodoka z'amashanyarazi kizagabanuka."

Yiou Automobile yizera ko isoko ry’imodoka nshya y’Ubushinwa ryanyuze mu gihe cyo “gutera imbere” kandi ryinjiye buhoro buhoro mu gihe cy’inzibacyuho nziza.Isoko ryiburayi ryinjiye mugihe cyiterambere ryihuse hashingiwe kuri politiki.Kubwibyo, abumva bakwiranye bakeneye gukangurwa byihuse.Nyamara, ibinyabiziga bishya byingufu bifuza kugera ikirenge mu cyu Burayi, kandi hari inzira ndende.

Imbaraga zikomeye zerekanwa nisoko ryiburayi nazo zatumye ibigo bitandukanye byimodoka zingufu zishaka kugerageza.

“Databuja” ni nk'igicu

Mu imurikagurisha ry’imodoka ryabereye i Frankfurt muri Nzeri 2019, Matthias, Perezida wa CATL Europe, yagize ati: “Insanganyamatsiko eshatu z’imurikagurisha rya IAA ry’uyu mwaka ni amashanyarazi, amashanyarazi, ndetse n’amashanyarazi.Inganda zose zivuga kubintu byose kuva mumoteri yimbere yimbere kugeza kumashanyarazi.Ku bijyanye no guhindura imodoka, CATL yageze ku bufatanye bwimbitse n’amasosiyete menshi yo mu Burayi. ”

Muri Gicurasi 2019, Daimler yatangije gahunda ya “Ambition 2039 ″ (Ambition 2039), isaba ko imashini icomeka cyangwa ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi byera birenga 50% by’ibicuruzwa byayo byose bitarenze 2030. Mu myaka 20 kuva 2019-2039, inkambi y'ibicuruzwa igera kuri "kutabogama kwa karubone" izubakwa.Abayobozi ba Daimler bagize bati: “Nka sosiyete yashinzwe na ba injeniyeri, twizera ko ikoranabuhanga rishya rishobora no kudufasha kubaka ejo hazaza heza, ni ukuvuga ingendo zirambye kandi zangiza ibidukikije.”

Muri Werurwe uyu mwaka, Volkswagen yasohoye imodoka ya mbere y’amashanyarazi meza yakozwe ku isi.4.Biravugwa ko Volkswagen izashyira ahagaragara imodoka 8 nshya zingufu zirimo Volkswagen ID.3, Porsche Taycan, Golf EV, nibindi kwisi yose muri uyu mwaka.

Usibye amasosiyete y’imodoka yo mu Burayi yihatira guhindura amashanyarazi, Umuyobozi mukuru wa Tesla, Elon Musk, yanatangaje mu murwa mukuru w’Ubudage mu Gushyingo umwaka ushize ko uruganda rukomeye rwa Tesla ruherereye i Berlin-Brandenburg.Intara, kandi mu ntangiriro zumwaka shiraho “intego nto” ku ruganda rwa mbere rw’iburayi: umusaruro wa buri mwaka imodoka 500.000.Biravugwa ko uruganda rwa Berlin ruzatanga Model 3 na Model Y, hanyuma umusaruro wizindi moderi uzatangizwa mugihe kizaza.

Umushushanya / Yiou Ushinzwe gusesengura Jia Guochen

Kugeza ubu, igurishwa rya Tesla Model 3 rifite umwanya ugaragara mu rwego rw’imodoka nshya y’ingufu ku isi, hafi 100.000 ugereranije na Renault Zoe iri ku mwanya wa kabiri (Renault Zoe).Mu bihe biri imbere, hamwe no kuzuza no gutangiza uruganda rukomeye rwa Berlin, ubwiyongere bwa Tesla ku isoko ry’iburayi bugomba “kwihuta.”

Nihe nyungu zamasosiyete yimodoka yo mubushinwa?Guhindura amashanyarazi muri rusange mbere yimishinga yimodoka zi Burayi.

Iyo Abanyaburayi bagifite ibiyobyabwenge bya biodiesel, amasosiyete menshi yimodoka yo mubushinwa ahagarariwe na Geely yamaze gushyira ahagaragara moderi nshya yingufu, mugihe BYD, BAIC New Energy, Chery nandi masosiyete yashoye ingufu nshya mbere, kandi bari mubushinwa Ingufu nshya Mubice bitandukanye byamasoko. gufata umwanya.Inyinshi mu mbaraga nshya zo gukora imodoka ziyobowe na Weilai, Xiaopeng, na Weimar zashinzwe mu 2014-2015, kandi zanageze ku gutanga ibinyabiziga bishya.

Umushushanya / Yiou Ushinzwe gusesengura Jia Guochen

Ariko kubijyanye no kohereza ibicuruzwa hanze, amasosiyete yimodoka yo mubushinwa arasubira inyuma.Muri 2019, ibicuruzwa byoherejwe mu mahanga bya TOP10 byo mu Bushinwa byari 867.000, bingana na 84,6% by’ibyoherezwa mu mahanga.Isoko ryohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga ryarafashwe neza n’amasosiyete menshi akomeye y’imodoka;Ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga mu Bushinwa bingana na 4% by’umusaruro wose, naho 2018 Muri 2015, Ubudage, Koreya yepfo, n’Ubuyapani bingana na 78%, 61% na 48%.Ubushinwa buracyafite icyuho kinini.

Li Bin yigeze kugira icyo avuga ku masosiyete y’imodoka yo mu Bushinwa yagiye mu mahanga, ati: “Mu myaka yashize, amasosiyete menshi y’imodoka yo mu Bushinwa yakoze akazi keza ko kujya mu mahanga, ariko akaba atarinjira mu Burayi no muri Amerika, ariko aracyari mu masoko amwe n'amwe adasanzwe. . ”

Yiou Automobile yizera ko mu Burayi aho “shobuja” bajya mu mahanga, amasosiyete y’imodoka yo mu Bushinwa afite ibyiza byambere byimuka mu gukura kwinganda nshya.Nubwo, nubwo isoko ryu Burayi “ryakira ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi”, ibidukikije birarushanwa cyane kandi ntabwo ari “inshuti.”Amasosiyete yimodoka yo mubushinwa arashaka kubona umugabane runaka kumasoko yuburayi, hamwe nimbaraga zikomeye zibicuruzwa, icyerekezo cyerekana neza, hamwe nuburyo bukwiye bwo kugurisha.Ntacyo.

"Globalisation" nikibazo gikomeye ibigo byose byimodoka byabashinwa bigomba guhura nabyo.Nkabakora imodoka nshya, Ai Chi, Xiaopeng, na NIO nabo barimo gushakisha byimazeyo "umuhanda ujya mu nyanja".Ariko niba ibirango bishya bifuza kumenyekana kubakoresha iburayi, imbaraga nshya nazo zigomba gukora cyane.

Guhangana n’ibikenerwa bitandukanye by’abaguzi b’i Burayi, niba amasosiyete y’imodoka yo mu Bushinwa ashobora gutahura “igihe gishya cy’ingufu z’amashanyarazi” y’amasosiyete y’imodoka z’i Burayi kandi agafata iyambere mu gukora ibicuruzwa “bikomeye”, bikagira inyungu zitandukanye, imikorere y’isoko iri imbere irashobora kuba biteganijwe.

——Amakuru aturuka mu Bushinwa