Incamake

Muri 2021, murugobateri yo kubika ingufuibyoherezwa bizagera kuri 48GWh, umwaka-kuwiyongera inshuro 2,6.

Kuva Ubushinwa bwatanze intego ebyiri za karubone mu 2021, guteza imbere inganda nshya z’ingufu nk’umuyaga nakubika izuba n'imbaraga nshyaibinyabiziga byagiye bihinduka buri munsi.Nuburyo bwingenzi bwo kugera ku ntego ebyiri za karubone, murugokubika ingufuizanatangiza igihe cyizahabu cya politiki niterambere ryisoko.Muri 2021, tubikesha ubushobozi bwashizwe hejuru mumahangaimbaraga zo kubika ingufusitasiyo na politiki yo gucunga umuyaga murugo nakubika ingufu z'izuba, kubika ingufu zo murugo bizagera ku iterambere riturika.

Ukurikije imibare kuva iBateri ya LitiyumuIkigo cyubushakashatsi bwikigo cyubuhanga buhanitse bwubushakashatsi, murugobateri yo kubika ingufuibyoherezwa bizagera kuri 48GWh muri 2021, umwaka-kuwiyongera inshuro 2,6;izo mbaragabateri yo kubika ingufuibyoherezwa bizaba 29GWh, umwaka-ku mwaka kwiyongera inshuro 4.39 ugereranije na 6.6GWh muri 2020.

Igihe kimwe ,.kubika ingufuinganda nazo zihura nibibazo byinshi munzira: muri 2021, ikiguzi cyo hejuru cyabateriyazamutse cyane kandi ubushobozi bwo gukora bateri bwarakomeye, bivamo kwiyongera kwa sisitemu aho kugabanuka;mu gihugu no mu mahangaububiko bwa batiri ya lithiumsitasiyo z'amashanyarazi rimwe na rimwe zafashe umuriro zigaturika, bikaba bifite umutekano Impanuka ntishobora kurandurwa burundu;imishinga yubucuruzi bwimbere mu gihugu ntabwo ikuze neza, ibigo ntibishaka gushora imari, kandi kubika ingufu ni "kubaka cyane kubikorwa", kandi ibintu byumutungo bidafite ishingiro birasanzwe;igihe cyo kubika ingufu ni amasaha 2, kandi igice kinini cyumuyaga mwinshi hamwe nizuba rikoresha imirasire y'izuba bihujwe na 4 Icyifuzo cyo kubika ingufu z'igihe kirekire mugihe cyisaha kiragenda cyihutirwa…

Icyerekezo rusange cyo kwerekana uburyo butandukanye bwo kubika ingufu, igipimo cyubushobozi bwashyizweho bwa tekinoroji yo kubika ingufu zitari lithium-ion ziteganijwe kwaguka

Ugereranije na politiki zabanjirije iyi, “Gahunda yo Gushyira mu bikorwa” yanditse byinshi ku ishoramari no kwerekana ibintu bitandukanyekubika ingufutekinoroji, kandi yavuze mu buryo bweruye uburyo bwiza bwa tekiniki nka bateri ya sodium-ion, bateri ya karubone, bateri zitemba, hamwe no kubika ingufu za hydrogène (ammonia).Gutegura ubushakashatsi.Icya kabiri, inzira za tekiniki nka megawatt 100 zapanze ububiko bwingufu zo mu kirere, bateri ya megawatt 100, sodium ion, leta-ikomeyeBatiri ya lithium-ion,na batiri yicyuma cyamazi nicyerekezo cyingenzi cyibikoresho bya tekiniki ubushakashatsi murikubika ingufuinganda mugihe cya 14 yimyaka itanu.

Muri rusange, "Gahunda yo Gushyira mu bikorwa" isobanura amahame yiterambere yo kwerekana ibintu bitandukanye ariko bitandukanyekubika ingufuinzira yikoranabuhanga, kandi iteganya gusa intego yo guteganya kugabanya ibiciro bya sisitemu hejuru ya 30% muri 2025. Ibi ahanini bitanga uburenganzira bwo guhitamo inzira yihariye kubakinnyi bamasoko, kandi iterambere ryigihe kizaza cyo kubika ingufu zizaba ikiguzi- nisoko- Ibisabwa.Hashobora kubaho impamvu ebyiri zituma hashyirwaho amabwiriza.

Ubwa mbere, igiciro cyinshi cyabaterin'ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru hamwe n'ubushobozi budahagije bwo gukora mu 2021 byagaragaje ingaruka zishobora guterwa no kwishingikiriza cyane ku nzira imwe ya tekiniki: kurekura byihuse ibyifuzo bikenerwa n’ibinyabiziga bishya, ibiziga bibiri, hamwe n’ububiko bw’ingufu byatumye izamuka ry’ibikoresho fatizo byiyongera. ibiciro no gutanga ubushobozi.Ntibihagije, bivamo kubika ingufu nibindi bikorwa byo hasi "gufata ubushobozi bwo gukora, gufata ibikoresho bibisi".Icya kabiri, ubuzima nyabwo bwibicuruzwa bya batiri ya lithium ntabwo ari birebire, ikibazo cyumuriro no guturika rimwe na rimwe, kandi umwanya wo kugabanya ibiciro biragoye kubikemura mugihe gito, nabyo bigatuma bidashobora guhaza neza ibikenewe byingufu zose porogaramu yo kubika.Hamwe no kubaka sisitemu nshya y’amashanyarazi, kubika ingufu bizahinduka ibikorwa remezo bishya byingufu, kandi icyifuzo cyo kubika ingufu zisi gishobora kwinjira mugihe cya TWh.Urwego rutangwa rwa batiri ya lithium ntishobora guhaza ibisabwakubika ingufuibikorwa remezo bya sisitemu nshya yamashanyarazi mugihe kizaza.

Iya kabiri ni ugukomeza gutezimbere izindi nzira za tekiniki, kandi tekiniki ya tekinoroji yo kwerekana ubu irahari.Fata ububiko bwamazi yatunganijwe bwerekanwe muri Gahunda yo Gushyira mubikorwa urugero.Ugereranije na bateri ya lithium-ion, bateri zitemba ntizihinduka mugice cyibikorwa, zirashobora kwishyurwa cyane no gusohora, kandi zishobora kwihanganira umuriro mwinshi no gusohora.Ikintu kigaragara cyane muri bateri zitemba ni uko ubuzima bwikigihe ari kirekire cyane, byibuze birashobora kuba inshuro 10,000, kandi inzira zimwe na zimwe za tekinike zishobora no kugera ku nshuro zirenga 20.000, kandi ubuzima bwa serivisi muri rusange bushobora kugera ku myaka 20 cyangwa irenga, bikaba aribyo cyane bikwiranye nubushobozi buniniingufu zishobora kubaho.Ahantu ho kubika ingufu.Kuva mu 2021, Itsinda rya Datang, Ikigo gishinzwe ishoramari rya Leta, Ubushinwa Rusange n’ingufu za kirimbuzi n’andi matsinda y’amashanyarazi basohoye gahunda yo kubaka sitasiyo y’amashanyarazi ya megawatt 100.Icyiciro cya mbere cyakubika ingufukogoshaamashanyaraziumushinga winjiye murwego rumwe rwo gutangiza module, byerekana ko bateri itemba ifite uburyo bwa tekinoroji ya megawatt 100.

Urebye gukura mu ikoranabuhanga,bateri ya lithium-ionbaracyari kure yizindiububiko bushya bw'ingufumubijyanye ningaruka zingirakamaro hamwe ninkunga yinganda, haribishoboka rero ko bazakomeza kuba inzira nyamukuru yibishyakubika ingufukwishyiriraho mumyaka 5-10 iri imbere.Nyamara, igipimo cyuzuye kandi ugereranije ninzira yo kubika ingufu zitari lithium-ion ziteganijwe kwaguka.Izindi nzira za tekiniki, nka bateri ya sodium-ion, umwuka wugarijekubika ingufu, bateri ya karubone, hamwe na bateri yicyuma-ikirere, byitezwe ko byiyongera mugiciro cyambere cyishoramari, ikiguzi cya kilo, umutekano, nibindi.bateri ya lithium-ion.

Kwibanda kubintu byakoreshwa, murugo igihe kirekire cyo kubika ingufu ziteganijwe kuzagera ku ntera nziza

Ukurikije igihe cyo kubika ingufu, ibintu byo kubika ingufu bishobora kugabanywa hafi kubika ingufu zigihe gito (

Muri icyo gihe, ibihugu byateye imbere birimo Amerika ndetse n’Ubwongereza byasohoye inkunga y’ingamba za politiki na gahunda ya tekiniki yo kubika ingufu z'igihe kirekire, harimo na “Energy Storage Grand Challenge Roadmap” yatanzwe na Minisiteri ishinzwe ingufu muri Amerika. , hamwe na gahunda zishami ryubucuruzi, ingufu ninganda zubwongereza.Gutanga miliyoni 68 zama pound kugirango dushyigikire umushinga wo kwerekana inzira ndende yo kubika ingufu zigihugu.Usibye abayobozi ba leta, imiryango itegamiye kuri leta mu mahanga nayo ifata ingamba, nk'inama yo kubika ingufu z'igihe kirekire.Uyu muryango watangijwe n’ibihangange 25 mpuzamahanga by’ingufu, ikoranabuhanga, hamwe n’ibikorwa rusange birimo Microsoft, BP, Siemens, n’ibindi, kandi uharanira kohereza 85TWh-140TWh y’ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu z'igihe kirekire ku isi hose mu 2040, ishoramari ry’amadorari 1.5 tiriyari kugeza kuri tiriyari 3.Amadolari.

Umunyeshuri Zhang Huamin wo mu kigo cya Dahua Institute of Science of Science of China yavuze ko nyuma ya 2030, muri sisitemu nshya y’amashanyarazi mu gihugu, umubare w’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu za gride uziyongera cyane, kandi n’uruhare rwo kugenzura amashanyarazi no kugenzura inshuro nyinshi. azoherezwa kuri sitasiyo yo kubika ingufu.Mu bihe by'imvura ikomeje, bitewe no kugabanuka gukomeye kwububiko bwamashanyarazi yumuriro, kugirango amashanyarazi meza kandi ahamye yumuriro mushya, amasaha 2-4 gusa yo kubika ingufu ntashobora guhaza ingufu zikenewe a societe zero-karubone rwose, kandi bisaba igihe kirekire.Uwitekaingufu zo kubika ingufuitanga imbaraga zisabwa na gride umutwaro.

Iyi "Gahunda yo Gushyira mu bikorwa" ikoresha wino nyinshi kugirango ishimangire ubushakashatsi no kwerekana umushinga wa tekinoroji yo kubika ingufu z'igihe kirekire: "Kwagura uburyo butandukanye bwo kubika ingufu.Uhujije hamwe nubutunzi bwuturere dutandukanye hamwe nibisabwa muburyo butandukanye bwingufu, guteza imbere kubika ingufu zigihe kirekire, Kubaka imishinga mishya yo kubika ingufu nko kubika ingufu za hydrogène, kubika ingufu zubushyuhe (ubukonje), nibindi bizamura iterambere bw'uburyo butandukanye bwo kubika ingufu., Batiri ya Iron-chromium, batiri ya zinc-Ositaraliya nibindi bikorwa byinganda "," Ingufu zongera ingufu zo kubika hydrogène (ammonia), guhuza hydrogène-amashanyarazi hamwe nubundi buryo bwo kubika ingufu zikomeye ".Biteganijwe ko mugihe cya 14-Gahunda yimyaka 14, urwego rwiterambere rwinganda nini zigihe kirekire zibika ingufu nka hydrogène (ammonia) kubika ingufu, gutembabaterin'umwuka uteye imbere uzamuka cyane.

Wibande ku gukemura ibibazo by'ingenzi mu buhanga bwo kugenzura ubwenge, no guhuza amakuru n'ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho hamwe n'ibikoresho biteganijwe ko byihuta, bizagirira akamaro inganda zuzuye zitanga ingufu.

Mubihe byashize, imyubakire ya sisitemu gakondo yubatswe yari iy'urunigi rusanzwe, kandi amashanyarazi hamwe no gucunga imizigo byagaragaye muburyo bwoherejwe.Muri sisitemu nshya yingufu, ingufu nshya zibyara umusaruro ningenzi.Kwiyongera guhindagurika kuruhande rusohoka bituma bidashoboka kugenzura no guhanura neza kubisabwa, kandi ingaruka zo gukoresha amashanyarazi zatewe no gukwirakwiza kwinshi kwimodoka nshya zingufu no kubika ingufu kuruhande rwikirenga.Ikintu kigaragara ni uko sisitemu ya gride ya sisitemu ihujwe ningufu nini zagabanijwe nimbaraga zoroshye.Ni muri urwo rwego, igitekerezo cyoherejwe cyoherejwe cyoherejwe kizahinduka muburyo bwo guhuza isoko, urusobe, umutwaro n'ububiko, hamwe nuburyo bwo guhindura ibintu.Kugirango tumenye impinduka, digitisation, informatisation nubwenge mubice byose byingufu nimbaraga ni ingingo tekinike idashobora kwirindwa.

Kubika ingufu ni igice cyibikorwa remezo bishya byigihe kizaza.Kugeza ubu, guhuza ibyuma namakuru nikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho nizindi software biragaragara cyane: sitasiyo zihari zifite isesengura ridahagije ryumutekano no kugenzura sisitemu yo gucunga bateri, gutahura cyane, kugoreka amakuru, gutinda kwamakuru, no gutakaza amakuru.Kubona amakuru yananiwe;uburyo bwo guhuza neza uburyo bwo kwegeranya no kohereza imicungire yingufu zabakoresha kuruhande, bigatuma abakoresha bunguka byinshi binyuze mumashanyarazi asanzwe yitabira gucuruza isoko ryamashanyarazi;tekinoroji yamakuru ya digitale nkamakuru manini, guhagarika, kubara ibicu, hamwe nububiko bwingufu Urwego rwo kwishyira hamwe ni ruto, imikoranire hagati yo kubika ingufu nandi masano muri sisitemu yingufu irakomeye, kandi ikoranabuhanga nicyitegererezo cyo gusesengura amakuru no gucukura by'inyongeragaciro ntibikuze.Hamwe no gukundwa nubunini bwo kubika ingufu muri gahunda yimyaka 14 yimyaka itanu, sisitemu ya digitale, informatisation hamwe nubuyobozi bukenewe muburyo bwo kubika ingufu bizagera kuntambwe yihutirwa.

Ni muri urwo rwego, “Gahunda yo Gushyira mu bikorwa” yemeje ko tekinoloji yo kugenzura ubwenge yo kubika ingufu izafatwa nk'imwe mu nzira eshatu zingenzi zo gukemura ibibazo by'ingenzi bikoreshwa mu bubiko bushya bwo kubika ingufu n'ibikoresho muri gahunda y’imyaka 14, byumwihariko harimo "guhuriza hamwe uburyo bwingenzi bwo gukoresha ingufu za sisitemu nini yo kubika ingufu za cluster igenzura ubwenge"., gukora ubushakashatsi ku guhuriza hamwe uburyo bwo kubika ingufu zagabanijwe, no kwibanda ku gukemura ibibazo byo kugenzura imiyoboro iterwa no kubona ingufu nyinshi.Wishingikirije kumakuru manini, kubara ibicu, ubwenge bwubukorikori, guhagarika hamwe nubundi buryo bwikoranabuhanga, kora ibikorwa byinshi byo kongera kubika ingufu, Ubushakashatsi ku ikoranabuhanga ryingenzi mubice byo gusubiza impande zombi, amashanyarazi asanzwe, kubika ingufu zicu, nisoko- bishingiye ku bucuruzi. ”Gukoresha imibare, kumenyekanisha amakuru hamwe nubwenge bwo kubika ingufu mugihe kizaza bizaterwa no gukura kwububiko bwimbaraga zohereza ubwenge mubice bitandukanye.