Mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya 2020, ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga byinjije toni 16.800 z'ibyuma, umwaka ushize bigabanuka 19%.Muri byo, ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga byari toni miliyoni 0.01 z'ibyuma, byagabanutseho 92% umwaka ushize;ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga hagati ya toni 15.800, byagabanutse ku mwaka ku mwaka 15%;ibicuruzwa byose byatumijwe muri cobalt idakozwe ni toni miliyoni 0.08 z'icyuma, Ubwiyongere bwa 57% umwaka-ku-mwaka.

Impinduka mu giciro cyibicuruzwa bya SMM kuva 8 Gicurasi kugeza 31 Nyakanga 2020

Amakuru yo muri SMM

Nyuma ya Kamena rwagati, igipimo cya cobalt ya electrolytike na cobalt sulfate cyagiye kuri 1, bitewe ahanini no gukenera buhoro buhoro ibikoresho bikenerwa na batiri.

Kugereranya ibiciro bya SMM cobalt kuva 8 Gicurasi kugeza 31 Nyakanga 2020

Amakuru yo muri SMM

Impamvu zonyine zashyigikiraga izamuka ry’ibiciro kuva muri Gicurasi kugeza muri Kamena uyu mwaka ni ugufunga icyambu cya Afurika yepfo muri Mata, kandi ibikoresho bya cobalt byo mu gihugu byari bikomeye kuva muri Gicurasi kugeza muri Kamena.Nyamara, ishingiro ryibicuruzwa byashongeshejwe ku isoko ryimbere mu gihugu biracyari byinshi, kandi cobalt sulfate yatangiye gusenyuka muri uko kwezi, kandi ibyingenzi byateye imbere.Icyifuzo cyo hasi nticyateye imbere cyane, kandi icyifuzo cya 3C ya elegitoroniki ya enterineti cyinjiye mugihe kitari gito cyo kugura, kandi izamuka ryibiciro ryabaye rito.

Kuva hagati muri Nyakanga uyu mwaka, ibintu bifasha izamuka ry’ibiciro byiyongereye:

1. Ibikoresho bya Cobalt birangira:

Icyorezo gishya cy'ikamba muri Afurika kirakomeye, kandi cyemejwe ko mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro hagaragaye undi.Umusaruro ntabwo wagize ingaruka kugeza ubu.Nubwo gukumira no kurwanya icyorezo mu bucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro bikaze kandi birashoboka ko abantu benshi bakwirakwiza icyorezo ari gito, isoko iracyafite impungenge.

Kugeza ubu, icyambu cya Afurika yepfo gifite ingaruka zikomeye.Muri iki gihe Afurika y'Epfo nicyo gihugu cyibasiwe cyane muri Afurika.Umubare w'imanza zemejwe warenze 480.000, kandi umubare w'indwara nshya wiyongereyeho 10,000 ku munsi.Byumvikane ko kuva Afurika yepfo yakuraho embargo ku ya 1 Gicurasi, ubushobozi bwicyambu bwatinze gukira, kandi gahunda yo kohereza mbere yoherejwe hagati muri Gicurasi;ubushobozi bwicyambu kuva muri Kamena kugeza muri Nyakanga byari 50-60% gusa byubushobozi busanzwe;ukurikije ibitekerezo byatanzwe nabatanga ibikoresho bya cobalt, Bitewe numuyoboro wabo wihariye wo gutwara abantu, gahunda yo kohereza ibicuruzwa bitanga isoko ni nkibihe byashize, ariko nta kimenyetso cyiterambere.Biteganijwe ko ibintu bizakomeza byibuze mu mezi abiri cyangwa atatu ari imbere;gahunda yo kohereza ibicuruzwa muri Kanama iheruka kwangirika, nibindi bicuruzwa hamwe na cobalt ibikoresho bito bifata ubushobozi buke bwibyambu bya Afrika yepfo.

Mu gihembwe cya kabiri cya 2020, ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga byinjije toni 16.800 z'ibyuma, umwaka ushize bigabanuka 19%.Muri byo, ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga byari toni miliyoni 0.01 z'ibyuma, byagabanutseho 92% umwaka ushize;ibicuruzwa byatumijwe mu mahanga ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga hagati ya toni 15.800, byagabanutse ku mwaka ku mwaka 15%;ibicuruzwa byose byatumijwe muri cobalt idakozwe ni toni miliyoni 0.08 z'icyuma.Kwiyongera kwa 57% umwaka-ku-mwaka.

Ubushinwa bwa cobalt butumizwa mu mahanga kuva muri Mutarama 2019 kugeza Kanama 2020

Ibyatanzwe muri SMM & Custom Custom

Guverinoma n’inganda nyafurika bizakosora abatavuga rumwe n’ubutaka.Nk’uko amakuru y’isoko abitangaza, guhera muri Kanama uyu mwaka, izagenzura neza kandi igenzure amabuye yo gufata.Igihe cyo gukosora gishobora kugira ingaruka kubitumizwa mubikoresho bimwe na bimwe bya cobalt mugihe gito, biganisha kubitangwa neza.Nyamara, itangwa rya buri mwaka ryamabuye y'intoki, ukurikije imibare ituzuye, bingana na 6% -10% by'ibicuruzwa bitangwa na cobalt ku isi, bidafite ingaruka nke.

Kubwibyo, ibikoresho byo mu rugo bya cobalt bikomeje gukomera, kandi bizakomeza byibuze amezi 2-3 mugihe kizaza.Nk’ubushakashatsi n’ubushakashatsi bwakozwe, ibarura ryibanze rya cobalt murugo ni toni 9,000-11,000 za toni yicyuma, naho ibikoresho bya cobalt bikoreshwa murugo ni amezi 1-1.5, naho ibikoresho bisanzwe bya cobalt bikomeza kubarura 2- Werurwe.Icyorezo cyongereye kandi ibiciro byihishe mu masosiyete acukura amabuye y'agaciro, bituma abatanga ibikoresho bya cobalt badashaka kugurisha, hamwe n’ibicuruzwa bike, kandi ibiciro bizamuka.

2. Uruhande rutanga ibicuruzwa:

Dufashe urugero rwa sulfate ya cobalt, sulfate ya cobalt yo mu Bushinwa yageze ahanini ku buringanire hagati y’ibitangwa n’ibisabwa muri Nyakanga, kandi ibarura ry’isoko rya cobalt sulfate ryashyigikiye ihinduka ry’abatanga cobalt sulfate.

Kuva muri Nyakanga 2018 kugeza Nyakanga 2020 E Ubushinwa Cobalt Sulfate Iringaniza

Amakuru yo muri SMM

3. Uruhande rusabwa kuruhande

3C itumanaho rya digitale ryinjiye murwego rwo gutanga amasoko no kubika mugice cya kabiri cyumwaka.Ku bimera byo hejuru ya cobalt yumunyu ninganda za cobalt tetroxide, ibyifuzo bikomeje gutera imbere.Nyamara, byumvikane ko ibarura ryibikoresho bya cobalt mu ruganda runini rwa batiri ruri munsi ya toni 1500-2000, kandi haracyari ibikoresho bya cobalt byinjira ku cyambu bikurikirana buri kwezi.Ibarura ryibikoresho bya lithium cobalt oxyde ninganda za batiri birarenze ibyo mumyunyu ngugu ya cobalt hamwe na tetroxide ya cobalt.Optimistic, birumvikana ko hariho impungenge nke kubijyanye no kuza kwa cobalt ibikoresho fatizo muri Hong Kong.

Icyifuzo cya ternary gitangiye kwiyongera, kandi ibyateganijwe biratera imbere mugice cya kabiri cyumwaka.Urebye ko kugura ibikoresho bya ternary ninganda za batiri byamashanyarazi ahanini ari birebire, ibihingwa bya batiri hamwe nibikoresho bya ternary biracyari mububiko, kandi haracyariho kwiyongera gukomeye kugurwa kubikoresho fatizo byo hejuru.Ibicuruzwa byamanutse bigenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro, kandi umuvuduko wubwiyongere bwibisabwa uri munsi ugereranije nibiciro byibikoresho byo hejuru, bityo ibiciro biracyoroshye kohereza.

4. Macro yinjira, kugura no kubika catalizike

Vuba aha, ubukungu bwimbere mu gihugu bwakomeje gutera imbere, kandi kwinjiza imari kwinshi byatumye isoko ryiyongera kuri cobalt ya electrolytike.Nyamara, ikoreshwa ryanyuma ryubushyuhe bwo hejuru, ibikoresho bya magneti, imiti nizindi nganda nta kimenyetso cyerekana iterambere.Byongeye kandi, ibihuha ku isoko bivuga ko kugura no kubika cobalt ya electrolytike nabyo byagize uruhare mu izamuka ry’ibiciro bya cobalt muri iki cyiciro, ariko amakuru yo kugura no kubika ntaragera, bikaba biteganijwe ko azagira ingaruka nke ku isoko.

Muri make, kubera ingaruka z'icyorezo gishya cy'ikamba muri 2020, itangwa n'ibisabwa bizaba bike.Ibyingenzi byokugabanuka kwisi yose ntigishobora guhinduka, ariko ibintu nibisabwa birashobora gutera imbere kuburyo bugaragara.Gutanga ku isi no gukenera ibikoresho fatizo bya cobalt biteganijwe ko bingana na toni 17,000 z'icyuma.

Kuruhande rwibitangwa, ikirombe cya Mutanda-cobalt cya Glencore cyafunzwe.Imishinga mishya ya cobalt yibanze iteganijwe gushyirwa mubikorwa uyumwaka irashobora kwimurirwa mumwaka utaha.Gutanga amabuye y'intoki nabyo bizagabanuka mugihe gito.Kubwibyo, SMM ikomeje kugabanya cobalt itangwa ryibikoresho bitangwa muri uyu mwaka.Toni 155,000 z'icyuma, umwaka-ku mwaka kugabanuka kwa 6%.Ku ruhande rusabwa, SMM yagabanije umusaruro w’ibinyabiziga bishya by’ingufu, ububiko bwa digitale n’ingufu, kandi icyifuzo cya cobalt ku isi cyamanutse kigera kuri toni 138.000 z'icyuma.

2018-2020 itangwa rya cobalt kwisi yose hamwe nibisabwa

Amakuru yo muri SMM

Nubwo icyifuzo cya 5G, ibiro byo kumurongo, ibicuruzwa bya elegitoroniki byambarwa, nibindi byiyongereye, icyifuzo cya lithium cobalt oxyde hamwe nibikoresho fatizo byo hejuru byiyongereye, ariko umusaruro no kugurisha terefone zigendanwa bifite isoko ryinshi ryibasiwe nicyorezo ni biteganijwe ko bizakomeza kugabanuka, bigabanya igice cyingaruka kuri lithium cobalt oxyde no hejuru Kwiyongera kubikenerwa kubikoresho bya cobalt.Kubwibyo, ntibibujijwe ko igiciro cyibikoresho byo hejuru biziyongera cyane, bishobora gutera ubukererwe muri gahunda yo kubika ibicuruzwa.Kubwibyo, ukurikije itangwa rya cobalt nibisabwa, izamuka ryibiciro bya cobalt mugice cya kabiri cyumwaka ni bike, kandi igiciro cya cobalt ya electrolytique gishobora guhinduka hagati ya miliyoni 23-32 yuan / toni.